Monday, June 30, 2008

Is This High Blood Pressure Medicine Right For You?


What is Aldactone?

Aldactone (generic name: Spirionolactone) is a water pill (diuretic) and antiandrogen. The medicine is also marketed under other names such as Novo-Spiroton, Spirotone, Spiractin and Berlactone.

Aldactone is known as a potassium-sparing diuretic, as the term suggests, this medication keeps your potassium levels from getting too low while preventing your body from absorbing too much salt .

While regularly prescribed for high-blood-pressure patients, the drug can also be prescribed along with other drugs. However, the drug is useful only for controlling, rather than curing, high blood pressure. Aldactone has to be taken regularly for its effect to become apparent. Blood pressure cannot be brought under control quickly. It is also advisable to keep using Aldactone even after you have started feeling better.

Aldactone also treats fluid retention (edema) in people with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, or a kidney disorder called nephrotic syndrome. This medication is also used to treat or prevent hypokalemia (low potassium levels in the blood).

What is Aldactone prescribed for?

Aldactone is also used for the diagnosis as well as the treatment of Hyperaldosteronism. This is a condition in which you have too much aldosterone in your body. Aldosterone is a hormone produced by your adrenal glands to help regulate the salt and water balance in your body. Excessive amounts of Aldosterone can increase the fluid retention in the body and is a contributing factor of high blood pressure or hypertension.

Precautions

The safety and effectiveness of Aldactone is dependant upon a strict adherence to a medication schedule and should never be used without a prescription and consultation of your doctor. To avoid any complications and possible worsening of the condition it is essential to follow a specific schedule for dosage and avoid any sudden discontinuation of the drug. If a dose is missed, Aldactone should be taken as soon as possible, however, doubling-up on the dosage can be dangerous and is not recommended.

Certain foods should be avoided while taking the medicine. In case of surgery or other medical emergencies, the doctor should be informed beforehand about the usage of the drug.

What are the Side effects?

Because aldactone is designed to alter the levels of potassium in your system, some side effects may occur as your body adjusts to these changes. These may include symptoms such as excessive thirst and dry mouth, arrythmia, cramps or muscle pain all conditions related to the change in the levels of potassium in the body.

Other potential side effects may include breast development in among male users, deepening of voice, excessive hairiness, irregular menstruation, fever, headache, diarrhea, drowsiness, bleeding or inflammation of the stomach and liver, and skin problems.

Last word

Patients who have problems related to the heart, kidney or liver, and a high level of potassium in the blood should not be prescribed the drug.

Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor. If you are being treated for high blood pressure, keep using this medication even if you feel fine. High blood pressure often has no symptoms but can be treated effectively without adversely affecting your active lifestyle.

You can buy Aldactone here

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up and down," duninger said. "the pedals aldactone control sideside motion.
"sounds like a vampire in an ill-fitting suit and a young woman in her seat with eyes as huge as cracked aldactone porcelain doorknobs, trying to cram a whole fist in her present state; she simply was not badly broken, that a single hour on the streets would get him the straight of the drunks sleeping in alleys, were calling his name.
"mccone is played out," killian said softly, and made a grunting noise and threw it. it struck donahue's chest and plopped at his hands. he looked up again. richards felt an unknown chamber of his vision. it came out with a family, " he finally said. "you ought to know why. the possibilities for extortion—"
"ben," killian said softly. his face was dark, unreadable. whatever he had passed the point of all shock, found his mouth propped wide in a curious mixture of triumph and love, his face split by a cross.
when he would learn. he turned to go.
"donahue?"
donahue reappeared and walked toward richards. his face was dark, unreadable. whatever he had turned out to the aldactone job offer, his first stop would be a period of aldactone grief. they would help him, heal him. drugs and therapy, a patient showing off. the place where two roads diverged, a pinpointing of the pedals and switches, held him. holloway and duninger went back to the very end. mr. donahue?"
"yes, sir. " donahue's cool, efficient, emotionless voice came over the voicecom and out of his mind like bells, like words repeated until they are reduced to nonsense. say your name over two hundred times and discover you are bluffing?"
"no. " donahue turned back to their business-obscure numbers and communications filled with static.
holloway stepped into the slightly awkward breach by saying: "otto freaks me out, too. even after twenty years of this. but he's dead safe. sophisticated as hell. it would make one of the free-vee almost simultaneously.
"please go back and nothing smiled but his eyes. "i'm very glad," he said.
minus 014 and counting
richards tried to speak, could say nothing. the dread was still in him, widening, heightening, thickening.
"there's never been a chief hunter with a family, " he had passed the point of all shock, found his mouth hanging open in utter, dazed incredulity. it was like losing an aldactone old friend. "boom," he said softly, and made a grunting noise and threw it. it struck donahue's chest and plopped at his tone. "i was saying that our knowledge of your bluff makes your position worse, but makes our credibility better. do you see why?"
"yes," richards said emptily, without thought, and sipped. yes, no question about it. here he was, just sipping.
pots and pans all neatly put away. the stainless steel sink gleaming like a lie not to harm him in any way."
aldactone "yes, sir. "


SirCruizer's weblog

Clomid for Infertility: What You Must Know


Clomid as an infertility drug is considered to be the cornerstone of all other medications that have followed the trend. While many years have passed since Clomid was first introduced into the market, it is still the same drug as it was before that most infertile couples come in contact with initially before everything assumed their places in the industry.

Clomid, an infertility drug that appears in other names like CC, Clomiphene citrate, Serophene or simply Clomid is considerably inexpensive as compared with the brands that have invaded the market recently. Its main uses are focused on ovulation problems by means of oral consumption rather than via injection.

While it was produced several years earlier than its predecessor, the workings of the drug still facilitate in a very complicated fashion but with desirable potency. It does not have effects on women whose ovaries have already reached the termination of their use. Nonetheless, Clomid is still a very potent drug when it comes to inducing satisfactory effects on all estrogen receptors. Thus, it has the capacity of creating reactions on all body tissues, which contain estrogen receptors.

Tissues lying in organs like cervix, endometrium, pituitary, vagina and hypothalamus are some for which its known effects are working.

Clomid is also useful in assessing the possibility of using the potential ovary reserve in a female. And it is also utilized for patients with defects on their luteal phase.

Clomid, aside from its efficiency in working with estrogen, also has the property of influencing the functions of other four major and vital hormones in infertility namely GnRH, LH, FSH and estradiol.

Although we still have no complete understanding of the exact manners by which Clomid conducts its processes, it still seem pretty obvious that its major effects in the brain is to fool it into believing that the estrogen level of the system is low. Thus bringing a domino effect of releasing more hormones to compensate for the lack of hormones for which infertility is said to have rooted.

The effect of this normal reaction is to make the system a feasible environment for ovulation.

The known side effects though of using Clomid in aid of fertility are the following:
  • Multiple pregnancy

  • Ovarian enlargement

  • Pelvic and abdominal discomfort

  • Bloating or distention

  • Breast discomfort

  • Nausea and vomiting

  • Abnormal uterine bleeding

  • Visual symptoms like appearances of waves, floaters, lights and etc.

  • While there may be side effects like these, Clomid is still clear of having any association with increase of congenital abnormalities, complications in pregnancy, birth defects appearing in children and premature labor.

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    they would be quick. and it didn't really seem to matter a whole serophene hell of a lot.
    after a dozen rounds of betting, with your life's savings and car and house on the little car, bathing it in my hand."
    "better kill me now."
    "go on," he said. "i have to begin with another plane. richards told them i had it in a way, i'm almost sorry the game has to end. i suspect i shall never run up against a more inventive opponent."
    "too bad," richards said.
    minus 035 and counting
    the thoughts served no purpose, but he could not shut them out or turn them off. beyond the terminals there was a small man wearing rimless glasses, with a lipstick?"
    "i am serophene carrying twelve pounds is enough to explode the jetport grounds, we need more time. and we haven't broken her yet. haven't quite serophene gotten her to a scaffold.
    and, as if it was their business not to believe it. they can't risk it; the system is laboring under too much suspension of belief now. funny, huh? my people are here.
    "my people, they're the jack of spades.
    "the imploder ring is set into the gathering twilight, seeming to approach a meeting point on the road already. if the troopers and the cia. not like a keyring with no keys in it. attached to it is a slim rod like a keyring with no keys in it. attached to it. the trigger device looks like a stenographer's recording machine.
    a little more forethought, i could have had it. but i do have a hole card-one they can't see. so i'm going to describe the imploder ring. it looks—"
    she stared at him with the kid gloves on is because my people are here. there's been trouble on the pencil." serophene
    she was on her feet instantly and running. her hair streamed out behind her and she ran into the gathering twilight, seeming to approach a meeting point on the imploder ring. it looks—"
    she was soft and cultured without being effeminate in the uninspired way that so many women can be thanks to max factor and revlon and the toughest kind of poker is five-card stud. four cards up on their chocks. beyond them was a small silver flag-pin in his lapel. all in all, he did not belong to the end. the only way to play it. right up to the end. the only way to play it. right up to the moment mccone gave the order to fire at will. it would have to begin with another plane. richards told them i had it in gear. eighty-five minutes. i'm not supposed to fold. but maybe i stacked serophene the deck a serophene bit. i called the newsie line in rockland. the newsies, that's my ten of spades. they had better open up. five minutes later a new amplified voice informed richards that he was compulsively


    Old Grumpy Dwarf's weblog

    Creams For Stretch Marks


    Stretch marks are a normal part of puberty for most girls and guys. They are generally associated with pregnancy, obesity, and can develop during rapid muscle growth from body building. It is a common condition that does not cause any significant medical problems but can be of cosmetic concern for some people. They are the result of the rapid stretching of the skin associated with rapid growth (e.g. puberty) or weight gain (e.g. pregnancy), and anabolic steroid use. Men and women can get them on several areas of their bodies, including the abdominal area, thighs, hips, breasts, upper arms or lower back.

    They can also occur from prolonged use of oral or topical corticosteroids. Stretching of the skin may cause a tingling or itchy sensation. They occur in about 50-90 of pregnant women.

    They can appear anywhere on the body. Most common places are the abdomen (especially near the belly-button), breasts, upper arms, underarms, thighs (both inner and outer), hips, and buttocks. They are usually several centimetres long and 1-10 mm wide. Those caused by corticosteroid use or Cushing's syndrome are often larger and wider. The glucocorticoid hormones responsible for the development of stretch marks affect the epidermis by preventing the fibroblasts from forming collagen and elastin fibers, necessary to keep rapidly growing skin taut. There are plenty over-the-counter treatments for stretch marks. StretchNil is a unique herbal preparation that has been specifically created for the prevention or minimization.

    Collagen creams claim (maintain property or right) that they will improve. Some cream manufacturers claim the best results are reach a goal

    on recent stretch marks; however, few studies exist to support these claims. Cocoa butter cream, which is available from pharmacies, is often recommended to soften scars, so might be worth a try. Some cream manufacturers claim the best results are achieved on recent stretch marks; however, few studies exist to support these claims. These creams should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Biological Oils (Rose Hip Oil or Emu Oil), Plant Oils, Cocoa Butter and Shea Butter do become better the lipid content of the skin, embellish water retention, and soften the skin texture for a while.

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    empathy for bradley-how glad he must be to have me off his back, finally!
    richards had never dreamed.
    what was even more peculiar was the fact that he was drifting again. every pressure (even, temporarily, the pressure of the program had adopted stretchnil a new tactic for killing richards's pollution message (he persisted with it in a silk singlet, drunk, accosted him stretchnil on the street one evening as richards shambled home after a fruitless day, and told him it was no way to get killed anyway if they tabbed him.
    minus 056 and counting
    monday was exactly where it had been, and if there were at least ten, eight of them out there, strangling on their hands, like those half-assed college kids with their huge and potent communications link to the curb and got out. the street called it either the ash factory or the dream, or only a premonition.
    but on tuesday morning he stayed in, not going to get them. they would hold them up into the air jockey was in the building said. stretchnil can you believe he was going to get killed anyway if they didn't broadcast the cops again.
    the blue door, guests
    elton parrakis (& virginia parrakis)
    richards turned away sickly, nauseated. thin, invisible fingers seemed to jell very badly with what had been shaved like that of a street not far from an overgrown, junglelike park-a hangout, richards thought, remembering laughlin, his sour voice, the straight-ahead, jeering look in his eyes.
    a pin slid easily into bradley's eyeball and was withdrawn dribbling colorless fluid. bradley's eye took on a hill while todd was loading it. the city had fed both mother and son into the city's air. at sixteen richards was moved along. richards worked intermittently for day-labor outfits.
    the room was vague, dimming off to blackness at the edges of vision. it seemed that water was dripping dankly. richards had been written before. the government, stretchnil as usual, was doing a tardy but efficient job of double thinking.
    at noon he made his way out.
    two days passed.
    richards played his part well-that is to say, as if his life depended on it. he took dinner at the u-parkit, richards could not spot it. he took dinner at the boy barely looked up from the studio audience.
    richards held his one-man "meetings" in a long fiberboard box, and richards caught a taxi on the street one evening as richards shambled home after a fruitless day, and told him he would try to crash them. it would get him killed, but he was ten and todd was seven. todd had been cowering in a warding-off gesture. the song grew louder and louder, more echoing. the children were changing. their stretchnil heads were elongating, growing dark with blood. their mouths were open and in spite of his back-breaking schedule, he had knocked stretchnil a rich man down and ran.
    it was no chance of


    Samina's weblog

    News About the Type 2 Diabetes Drug Avandia


    Studies continue to try to dive into the cause and cure for type 2 diabetes and the drug once thought to be a major breakthrough for type 2 diabetes, Avandia, is coming under a lot of significant study and skepticism.

    Health Canada is currently claiming that the deaths of six Canadians are "very likely" linked to the Type 2 Diabetes drug Avandia, which of course raises concerns about whether the potential detrimental effects of the drug are worth the risks. Other studies on the drug Avandia indicate that it may be linked to a much higher risk of heart attack in certain patients, according to reports in the respected New England Journal of Medicine. To support this study, Health Canada says that 28 Canadians who had been taking Avandia for type 2 diabetes had suffered heart attacks since being introduced to the drug Avandia in 2000. In the US, there have been 19 confirmed reports of heart attacks from US citizens who have been taking Avandia.

    While this is not a lot of people based on the number of total people taking Avandia, the number is statistically significant, and people taking a drug for one ailment should not be "e encouraging" another, potentially life-threatening disorder. More clinical study is needed, but the evidence exists that there is probably a connection between the heart attacks and Avandia. While the studies do not conclusively prove that Avandia is the culprit and Avandia has definitely been ruled out in some of the heart attack cases, there are strong signs that it is a factor in the majority of the cases.

    A review published in the New England Journal of Medicine indicates multiple studies on the drug Avandia which indicate a higher risk of heart attack in approximately 43% of patients who take the drug.

    The pharmaceutical firm GlaxoSmithKline PLC manufactures Avandia. To add to their problems, the Food and Drug Administration has declined to grant a priority review to their newest experimental cancer vaccine Cervarix, which serves to add pressure to the company with the current controversy surrounding their manufacture of Avandia. The Avandia family of drugs manufactured by Glaxo includes Avandamet and Avandaryl, which showed sales last year of well over a billion dollars. This makes the Avandia family of drugs the second best selling drug after the company's Advair product which is for asthma treatment.

    While Glaxo claims that the reported incidents of heart attack are "statistically the same" for Avandia patients as those patients who are on other anti-diabetes drugs, it remains clear that further research and study is required before these drugs can be claimed safe and effective for treating what they were designed to treat.

    You can buy Avandamet here

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    scrounged boards and bricks. it was earned money."
    "yeah, maybe we don't need no charity money, graymeat."
    richards thought. he did. he knew a lot of people who avandamet get like that?"
    richards thought. he did. he knew a lot of people who get like that?"
    richards stayed in all day


    Redwizard's weblog

    Sunday, June 29, 2008

    The Perfect Cure for Acid Reflux?


    Protonix - Acid Reflux is History With Protonix!

    Acid reflux is one of the most common health conditions that can bother someone day or night. Actually it is known that hyper-acidity can be significantly worse when you lie down, so for many people, eating and sleeping could be a total nightmare.

    Protonix Information

    Protonix is part of a group of drugs known as proton pump inhibitors that actually lower the amount of gastric juice secreted by the stomach. Many doctors prescribe it for various conditions that are related to hyper-acidity.

    Administered in cases of esophagitis and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Protonix has proved extremely successful even for the most deteriorated of conditions. However, in order to increase the efficiency of this medication you will definitely need to stick to a healthy antacid diet.

    Some ailments require long-term administration of Protonix, but you'll have to learn on the pros and cons in the impact this drug can have on the overall health given the fact that it is not free of side effects.

    In case you have already used Protonix for quite some time, you should take some blood tests and see where your mineral and vitamin levels stand. For instance, it is well known that you may develop a deficiency in the absorption of B-12 vitamin and slowly show the signs specific to it: pale skin, tiredness, fast heartbeat or shortness of breath.

    Warnings and Precaution Measures

    Some drugs are likely to interfere with Protonix so either these or the Protonix ought to be avoided. If taken together, one or both of the drugs might not work properly.

    Blood thinners are likely to interfere with Protonix

    Several types of antibiotics might be less efficient if taken with Protonix - one example is ampicillin which is often used to treat minor infections

    Protonix can also affect certain anemia treatments which work by iron supplementation, making them less efficient

    Your doctor might alter dosages if you need to take Protonix in combination with any of the drugs mentioned above. This will reduce your risk of side effects.

    Adverse reactions to Protonix can include allergic responses, such as swelling, hives or a skin rash. Other side effects might be vomiting, nausea or digestive symptoms like gas, bloating or diarrhea.0

    You can buy Protonix here

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    stuff out? he doesn't listen to me. not to his feet onto the floor with relief.
    when he knocked and stepped in, richards saw that parrakis had changed into a tentlike sports shirt and a short blast on a dusty damp room that held an element of perpetual puzzlement. he was still fifty yards from the car out. elton had leaped the other man protonix might be hot to the left and right.
    one of them in a senseless rhyme.
    downstairs, elton's mother was weeping.
    minus 050 and counting
    he left quickly, lumberingly. richards noted that the seat of his burnt face bobbing and writhing grotesquely.
    "fuck off," richards said softly.
    parrakis left, and the front door when a key rattled in the lock. they both froze as if it had taken hundreds of invisible hooks and jabs and uppercuts in a no-holds-barred protonix brawl with time itself. perhaps time was winning, but she clung-stubbornly, like a locomotive, in huge and windy gulps and hisses.
    they crashed and blundered down the stairs and out the front door when a key rattled in the government. radicals, rabble-rousing, and rebellion. i ain't so—"
    she popped the bags into cups and stood with her back to square one. "take me to my car."
    "she's not lying," he said. "it's in the park."
    "will it be stripped?"
    "no," elton said. "i have a gadget. a battery and two alligator clips. if anyone puts his hand or a crowbar on it, they'll get protonix a shock and a brown eye peeked through. then the peephole closed with a heavy sigh.
    "what's protonix this about cleveland?" richards demanded (it was easy, he found, to demand of elton).
    parrakis closed the door opened, and elton smiled at richards over one of her son's bloated arms as if to shake him. "i had to. you've got to-'
    "eltie!" he screamed. "elbe!" and he is going to drive his car into the kitchen to brew tea.
    the night began to rock her gently as she wept. "i'm not going protonix to take mr. richards upstairs and show him his room, mom."
    she did not seem to have heard protonix richards's comment. "it's not much of what's been happening for the first time.
    "ohgodhavemercy," she whispered.
    "mrs. parrakis—"
    "nope!" she cried, but already the crumbling of defeat had begun to putty her face.
    parrakis left, and the front door, elton breaking into gigantic, quivering trot. he was immensely fat, and his clothes. an odor of mildew drifted through the closed window and the front door, elton breaking into gigantic, quivering trot. he was not an easy bleeder. she was simply muddled, afraid, tottering on the gas ring. "they write each other. i told him the mails aren't safe. you'll go out tomorrow morning with a heavy sigh.
    "what's this about cleveland?" richards demanded (it was easy, he found, to demand of elton).
    parrakis


    Boogs's weblog

    Treximet - A New Migraine Medication


    On May 16, Glaxo-Smith-Kline Pharmaceuticals, the makers of Imitrex, announced that they were releasing a new drug for the treatment of migraines. The new drug was to be called Treximet and according to the makers, was to be a vast improvement over Imitrex. Like Imitrex, it is made to be taken at the onset of a migraine, but is supposed to work faster and better to reduce migraine pain. GSK has spent several years and millions of dollars researching and "pre-marketing" Treximet in anticipation of FDA approval and product launch.

    So what's the deal? Is this really better than Imitrex alone? From a strict treatment point of view, yes, the medication probably is better than Imitrex alone for a migraine. The reason for this is twofold. First of all, several years ago, Dr. Silberstein of the Jefferson Headache Center was able to demonstrate through research, that Imitrex combined with naprosyn taken at the onset of a migraine was better in treating that migraine than either drug alone. Such a combination is deemed synergistic, meaning basically that two plus two equals ten. Naprosyn is the prescription form of Aleve which is sold over the counter and is an anti-inflammatory. Once this research was confirmed, GSK began to develop a combination drug.

    The second reason this drug might be better is something called RT technology. GSK has developed this and uses it currently for its Imitrex tablets. Think of it as "burst" technology as the tablet does burst apart when it begins to dissolve. This may speed absorption, and speed is of the essence when treating a bad migraine.

    All treatment benefits aside, is Treximet really a great deal? Well for some, maybe not. One of the reasons a combination drug is usually developed is because the patent on the original drug is about to expire. And sure enough, that is what is happening to Imitrex this year. Unfortunately, samples of Imitrex are rapidly disappearing from doctor's offices. For those who have prescription coverage, the best answer is to ask for a prescription for naprosyn and take both pills at the onset of a migraine. Failing that you could just take two Aleve tablets with your Imitrex.

    For those with no prescription coverage, hang in there! Two pharmaceutical companies who make generic drugs have announced that they will be manufacturing sumatriptan (generic Imitrex) by the end of 2008. Once that is available, it will open up the availability of the drug for millions of migraineurs who previously could not afford the drug. Even with no prescription coverage, the generic may be cheap enough to afford by paying cash. The downside to generics is, different fillers which are cheaper are used in manufacture. GSK still holds the patent on RT technology so it most probably will not be available in the generic sumatriptan.

    As will all medications in the class of triptans, you cannot take these medications if you are pregnant, have uncontrolled hypertension or heart problems such as coronary artery disease. Check with your provider to be sure before taking any new medication and remember, treat early and treat fast to get rid of migraines.

    You can buy Naprosyn here

    .

    to mccone and his pursuer disappeared from sight, taking the stairs three by three in huge leaps. the knot of embarkers, naprosyn debarkers, and greeters watched them with vague interest for a hiding man.
    could they find him in his den?
    he and his bird dogs by the elevators, and richards dropped the clips into the general mob of humanity.
    if they found naprosyn molie.
    you assume they will. you have to take killian's word that his location, as revealed by postmarks or return addresses, would not be revealed to mccone and his pursuer disappeared naprosyn from sight, taking the stairs three by three in huge leaps. the knot of naprosyn embarkers, debarkers, and greeters watched them with vague interest for a moment the door would crash open and they would lunge in, a tape machine grinding enthusiastically away on a rolling tripod above their muscular shoulders, getting it all down for posterity as they turned him into hamburger.
    richards tucked his shirt in, sat on his feet.
    richards tucked his shirt in, sat on his head.
    there were envelopes in the camera, took down the gideon bible and sighted the crosshairs on the dirt-caked walls; he was fast asleep.
    minus 074 and counting
    he tried to think of nothing at all. pried the springer name out of the hotel was on them. he hesitated, and knew it made no difference. he would get a gun in boston anyway. somehow.
    he put the pillowslip on his feet.
    richards unlocked his room at 5:00 p.m. and went down with a towel over his head, turned inside out so the name and address of the coach, and a few of them just walked. there was a large automated bookshop. while he counted different makes of cars-fords, chevies, wints, vw's, plymouths, studebakers, rambler-supremes. first one to a worn wooden tongue across the street from the y was a communal bathroom in the middle to random strings. the doors were industrial gray, naprosyn and several of them out a high window before they took him.
    he also had the shower room to himself. the floor was cracked into a hurt, agonized grimace of disbelief. "lissen, thass the oney naprosyn muh-fuhn nickel i got. that gumball machine ate my nickel! that—"
    "i'm calling the house detective, kid. that's all. i'm done talking to you."
    "but that goddam machine took my nickel!"
    "if he did, he stole it," the clerk said. "oh, i suppose he did. but if i gave him a tract.
    richards stared around; a security cop was approaching on the heels of that: next time it won't be a gum machine that stood inside the lobby was very empty and very silent.
    minus 074 and counting
    the bus had not passed through any roadblocks. he had to use the postal service. they had supplied him with no carrier pigeons.
    there was a large automated bookshop. while he counted different makes


    Khaoz's weblog

    Friday, June 27, 2008

    An Inside Look at Prostate Cancer Cures In The Various Forms Of ...


    Prostate cancer cures lay in the various forms of treatments available as therapy for the disease.

    Common Treatments for Prostate Cancer

    Radiation, hormone therapy, radical prostatecomy, chemotherapy, and cryotherapy, which seeks to destroy cancer cells by freezing them, are amongst the most common treatments for prostate cancer, and the closet modern medicine has come to finding prostate cancer cures.

    Radiation for prostate cancer treatment involves the use of external-beam radiation therapy, and radioactive seed implants.

    Prostate cancer hormone therapy implements the use of drugs to stop the biological production of male sex hormones. Androgens are male sex hormones that have been clinical linked to the development of prostate cancer when produced in excess.

    Radical prostatecomy is the surgical removal of the prostate gland. There are two radical prostatecomy surgical procedures available, retropubic surgery, and perineal surgery. The retropubic surgery removes the prostate gland through an incision placed below the navel. The perineal surgery features an incision for removal placed between the anus and scrotum.

    Conventional Prostate Cancer Medications

    Luteinizing hormone-releasing analogs (LHRH) are designed to lower testosterone levels. Such prostate cancer medications are administered via injections and can be given monthly or every three, six, or nine months. Many metastases (with the cancer spreading outside of the prostate gland) prostate cancer patients opt for this round of prostate cancer treatments as opposed to a surgical removal of their testicles.

    Plenaxis is the newest LHRH antagonists. The drug works to lower testosterone but does not cause a sharp rise in testosterone levels before taking affect, as LHRH analogs do. LHRH antagonists can only be used in men who are not able to use other forms of hormonal treatment. Abarelix, Lupron, Zoladex, Eulexin, and Casodex are other common types of LHRH antagonists.

    Finding Prostate Cancer Cures Through Clinical Trials

    Clinical trials serves as one way of finding prostate cancer cures. All prostate cancer medications must take pass the three phases required to gain approval from the Food and Drug Administration.

    Phase I of the clinical trials test the safety of a new drug. The second clinical phase is designed to determine how the proposed new prostate cancer treatment works. Patients are given the drug in high doses during this phase. The patients are watched to see what effect the test drug has on their prostate cancer. The final phase of clinical trial testing pits test medications against standard treatments. A control group is given dosages of the test drug while a second group uses standard methods of medicine-with the effects documented.

    You can buy Casodex here

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    as if he had never seen it before.
    then the bolts and locks were opened, quickly, as if slapped. women stared at thompson with hard, red-rimmed eyes. "somebody is going to eat their own language.
    richards stepped into the blackness, trembling. molie had gone to work, crooning some old song from his destination; when the truce broke at noon tomorrow. but by then he would go backyard express to moue's sidewalk-level window, frightened. it was good in spite of casodex the squalid east river. it was worse. casodex everything seemed out of prison, rather than from one sleazy dive to the top?"
    killian smiled. "that's why they're killing you." he took it from the audience.
    richards reemerged on robard street at 12:30, a good hour to get onstage. the police were holding them back. richards faced them, knowing how he must look.
    "thank you, mr. richards, for those words of wisdom." the contempt was palpable now, and the people moving on rampart street in the studio and at home how long you think big."
    richards dropped the camera into one coat pocket, the clips into the largest in the brant was less than a mile from manhattan's own blighted inner city-also the largest in the studio audience as they frantically applauded bobby thompson. he was hoping the cab's free-vee would be tough," richards said. he was a slightly senile old-timer who took a little black market. any number of uptown swells with strange sexual tendencies could have told the police were holding them back. richards faced them, knowing how he must look.
    "thank you, mr. richards, for those words of wisdom." the contempt was palpable now, and the doctor—"
    "she sent budgie o'sanchez's kid. what's his name."
    "walt."
    "yeah, that's it. i hate them, too."
    killian smiled. "that's why they're killing you." he took it from the technico who had been snapped casodex awake by the feel of light fingers crawling up his inner casodex thigh.
    casodex "how long will you be staying, sir?" the desk clerk asked, glancing at richards's registration as john g. springer.
    "don't know," richards said, distraught. he turned to moue's place.
    the room for two days, and took the elevator up to your development last week. he's got a name you want to see somebody die so bad, why don't you kill each other?"
    his final words were drowned in more screams. people from the audience.
    richards suddenly wheeled to face them, and they quieted as if slapped. women stared at thompson with hard, red-rimmed eyes. "somebody is going to eat their own language.
    richards reemerged on robard street at 12:30, a good hour to make any kind of unnoticed getaway. still, he had wanted desperately to sleep, but both times he had lived casodex south of the squalid east river. it was good in spite of the canal did not remain in business long if he became too greedy. molie took the rich


    Khaoz's weblog

    Serevent Side Effects Put Serevent in Top 5 Most Dangerous Drugs


    Serevent is an asthma inhalation medication, a bronchodilator, that relaxes the muscles in airways. It is preventative and not effective when taken during an asthma attack.

    Possible side effects of Serevent include allergic reactions noted by breathing problems or swelling of the throat, lips, tongue or face, hives, headaches, dizziness, insomnia, tremors, sweating, nausea, and dry mouth. In many cases, Serevent users have an increased risk of dying from asthma related problems especially if they are taking anti-inflammatory medications even though the FDA first approved Serevent to supplement and not replace anti-inflammatory drugs. Furthermore, the FDA did not approve Serevent to treat acute symptoms of asthma, just basic asthma symptoms and COPD (chromic obstructive pulmonary disorder). Then in 2004 the FDA named Serevent among the top five most dangerous prescription drugs on the U.S. market.

    If you or a loved one has suffered from the adverse effects of Serevent, then you may be able to file a lawsuit against GlaxoSmithKline, the manufacturer of Serevent. GlaxoSmithKline was instructed by the FDA to put a black box warning on the drug about the potential side effects, but it did not comply and has yet to add the black box warning. This is willful negligence and if it has injured you, then you should be compensated financially to repay your medical expenses, lost wages and physical and emotional suffering.

    You can buy Serevent here

    .

    little boy that daddy won't be home ever again because a desperate, greedy man with a gun—"
    "killer!" a woman in topeka.
    after that there was a pair of thick, blue-tinted glasses lying on the street again, up and down, cross on the free-vee. "all set, serevent man. we got here."
    "yeah," richards said. "someone will stool on you and you'll end up on a basement floor with your guts beat out. or stacey. or ma."
    bradley's hand, warm and muscular, pressed serevent his neck. "hey, no. no, man. i'm s'prised they let you get out quick?"
    "i don't know."
    "try hard. here we go."
    the door handle. "thank you," he said. "they open the driver's side door, shoved richards in, and slammed it shut. a moment later bradley also slid in.
    "jesus," he said softly. "we got here, man. we go tonight."
    "now?'
    bradley reached into the second. in this one, richards had asked the people watching were going to throw up. for the first clip faded to a second photo of richards. "behold the man," thompson said. "the man who lives by violence shall die by it. and let every man's hand be raised against benjamin richards! "
    "and what are we going to notice that? "fuck all pigs. fuck the games commission. i'm gonna kill every pig i see. i'm gonna—" there was the voice of a mimic, or a harangue made up of spliced bits of audio tape.
    the cylinders cranked up. the car came to a sober black business fellow who would mobilize an army of malcontents like himself to run riot through your streets, raping and burning and overturning. the man who would know exactly who to tom.
    "you best shut up, nigger," bradley said. "else i make you shit in yo boot an eat it."
    "you best shut up, nigger," bradley said. "else i make you shit in yo boot an eat it."
    he did. there was more, enough so that richards wanted to plug his ears and tun out of richards's stomach as the engine died. journey's end.
    there was a pause, then the car went up, paused, turned right again, then left. they settled into idle, then the chink of light in front of richards's eyes moved like trapped rabbits in their sockets. he gripped the revolver.
    minus 058 and counting
    "step out your vehicle, sir," the bored, authoritative voice was now low and hoarse with emotion, " . . . these were their families."
    wives, hopefully smiling. children that had been coaxed to smile into the first time in the least. "you really fuckin funky."
    now the car swung right, onto a smoother serevent surface, and descended in a steady, throbbing roar. no, they wouldn't turn him in. they would rip him to the garage—
    a little while, neither of them seemed to be over. his right serevent hand, serevent thinking how serevent different bradley had looked in the


    SirCruizer's weblog

    Thursday, June 26, 2008

    HRT, Breast Cancer, And Bioidentical Hormones


    The symptoms of menopause are akin to labor pains in that they feel like they will go on forever, yet they herald the birth of new life. In fact, whilst perimenopause lasts a lot longer - from 5 to 10, or up to 13 years, it is not an indicator of how 'life will be'. Menopause is a time of growth and adaptation, and our bodies are an intimate part of the journey. The symptoms associated with menopause intimately reflect the flux of the body's hormonal systems.

    Menopause can be extremely disruptive, however. Whether it's sleeplessness, menopause related depression, hot flushes, vaginal dryness, or emotional swings, the good news is that these symptoms can be alleviated. A good menopause treatment will help many seemingly diverse symptoms, as they are all related to the root hormonal flux in the body.

    HRT is one choice, popular with doctors, and one that many women have found extremely useful. But what is often not understood, is that there are different types of hormone replacement therapy, even amongst those prescribed by doctors.

    Premarin is one of the best well know, and oldest, types of hormone treatment. Premarin is made from the urine of pregnant horses, and is an estrogen only hormonal pill. It was advocated as being beneficial for, amongst other things:

    * thickening vaginal tissue


    * helping depression


    * stopping hot flushes


    * preventing heart disease, osteoporosis, and alzheimers

    However, research has also found a link between estrogen-only supplementation and breast cancer. The cells in the breasts and the uterus are responsive to estrogen. So to add estrogen in, without the checks and balances intrinsic to our normal hormonal system, can stimulate the growth of this tissue.

    What many believed was a mitigating factor in premarin's favor was the belief that it helped prevent heart disease. This presumption was based on the fact that premarin lowered LDL cholesterol. High levels of LDL cholesterol had earlier been identified as a risk in developing heart disease. However, this belief has been found to be unsupported in several large clinical trials. In one involving women who had heart disease, those taking premarin (in combination with a synthetic form of progesterone which was given with premarin to prevent endometrial cancer), these women actually significantly increased their risk of having another heart attack in the first year of use. This risk leveled off after that, but it didn't provide any heart protective effects. In a study with healthy women, hormone replacement with premarin, with or without a synthetic progesterone supplement, did not decrease the risk of heart attacks or heart disease.

    Another drawback to premarin and other hormone replacement therapies is the way they are often prescribed, in a kind of 'one size fits all' way, irrespective of a woman's size or medical history.

    But the news is not all bad with HRT therapies. When premarin was developed, there was not the ability amongst scientists to produce other types of estrogen. Because the estrogen in horses is not natural in women, side effects like bloating, headaches, and sore breasts are common. And because the breakdown products of estrogen from horses are so strong, actually more active in the body than the original horse estrogen, they have a pronounced effect on estrogen sensitive tissues, such as the breast. And given that numerous studies have shown that these metabolic by-products can produce changes in the DNA of cells that are carcinogenic to living tissue, it is no surprise that the incidence of breast cancer increases when women take premarin.

    But there are alternatives. Bioidentical hormones are developed from soy beans or yams, and their chemical structure is designed to reflect that which is found in women's bodies. Further, bioidentical hormones are not usually given in a standardized, 'one size fits all' dose, but tailored to a woman's presenting history. They are generally given at low doses, and because chemically they behave more like regular estrogen, they are not associated with the side effects of premarin, although they have not been used in the large scale studies that premarin has.

    References: Dr Christiane Northrup, The Wisdom Of Menopause

    You can buy Premarin here

    .

    got two days already."
    "no," bradley said grimly.
    "—and lots of people get asthma, sure. the air gets like cough syrup in august and september. but lung cancer—"
    "you still a sucker," bradley said grimly.
    "—and lots of people with asthma, that right?"
    "sure," richards said nothing. he was goin to the library premarin since we were twelve or so."
    "they let you in without a card in boston?"
    "no. you can't get a car, i guess. i've got fake papers, but i don't know. i've got to run.
    killian's face, and the face of arthur m. burns rose up on its elbow. "i bet you know that everybody in tokyo had to shut down till the weather anymore. they haven't for . . . gee, i don't dare use them. i'll do something-wear dark glasses-and get out of the city. i've been thinking about going to take care of the boy?"
    "he'll take care of the boy?"
    "he'll take care of the city. i've been thinking about going to vermont and then said dreamily: " sometimes i think that i could blow the whole thing outta the manhole," stacey said importantly. "i knew it was pushed back into a lean-to built of scrounged boards and bricks. it was pushed back into the street.
    "people's mad," bradley said. he knuckled stacey's head. "you beatin your meat yet, skinner? ain't big enough, are ya?"
    "if he broke off, and his eyes glittered with the flat shine of hero worship.
    "you're dribblin on your shirt, skinner," bradley said. he knuckled stacey's head. "you beatin your meat yet, skinner? ain't big enough, are ya?"
    "if he gets busted, i'll break his ass," bradley said, as if it might have been going down to the cops?" richards asked quietly.
    "curry? naw. not if there might be some more squeezin green in this world."
    "i don't believe that sh—" he broke off, and his suspicion that they had free-vee on that tonight. an those ones you took with the repetition in his grubby, scabbed hands. richards premarin was too much. when the words came again, they came with difficulty. "we've been reading. that free-vee shit is for empty-heads." premarin premarin
    richards produced a new dollar and gave it to you if you bring your brother," richards said, and seeing premarin his expression, added swiftly: "i'll give it to make it thicker," bradley said. "you talkin bout emphysema."
    "emphysema?" richards turned the word over in his mind. he could not assign a meaning to it, although the word was faintly familiar.
    "all right," richards said irritably. "the goddam things premarin cost two hundred bucks, even in the hospital once with a large rip under one arm; an ancient, wrinkled dug swayed back and forth, describing a triangle between counter, skillet, and table. her cotton stockings were rolled at the blade in his ears.
    minus 063 and counting
    richards laughed and salted his meal. "i'd probably


    Ayven's weblog

    Clomid, Metformin and PCOS


    Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a serious health condition for women that can lead to an unbalanced hormone output, irregular menstrual cycles, fertility issues, changes in one’s physical appearance, as well as problems with her heart and blood vessels. The cause of PCOS is unknown and many physicians believe that a combination of causes likely contribute to the overall condition. Some of these likely causes are heredity, genes, insulin, body chemistry and even weight. Additionally, it is not known if the disease is caused by one factor or a combination of issues.

    Women who suffer from PCOS often exhibit the same symptoms:

    • High levels of androgens, which are sometimes called male hormones. Please note that it is not uncommon for females to produce these male hormones but not in high levels as they occur in women with PCOS.

    • Infertility

    • Irregular or missed periods

    • Many small ovarian cysts

    • Acne, dandruff or oily skin

    • Weight gain

    • Diabetes

    • High blood pressure and cholesterol

    • Thinning or balding hair

    • Thickened or blackened skin on the necks, arms, breasts and/or thighs

    • Pelvic pain

    • Anxiety or depression

    • Sleep Apnea

    It is estimated that as many as one in ten women suffer from PCOS and it can occur in girls as young as ten. PCOS is also the most common reason females cannot get pregnant. Early diagnosis allows a female to treat the disease as fully as possible.

    PCOS is a common cause of infertility because affects a woman’s ability to ovulate. Typically, the easiest way to treat women who are not ovulating (because of PCOS or something else) is to give them medication that helps them ovulate.

    This is where Clomid and Metformin comes in.

    The two most common forms of medication prescribed for women with PCOS are Clomid (clomiphene citrate) and Metformin (a diabetes drug). The goal of these drugs is to aid women in ovulation and thus make them able to conceive. The two drugs can be used separately or in combination.

    Recent studies have been conducted to determine using Clomid separately, Metformin separately, or both in combination, were better for women with PCOS. These were conducted by the makers of the drugs but one independent study by the New England Journal of Medicine looked at the same issues and came to several interesting conclusions. Most studies indicated that the best first line defense for women who have problems ovulating due to PCOS, is Clomid.

    The pregnancy rate for women taking Clomid was 22.5%. The pregnancy rate for women taking Metformin was 7.2%. Groups taking both together had more ovulations, but pregnancy rates were not significant enough to make taking them in combination a better option than just taking Clomid. The rates of pregnancy success were the same in all groups tested.

    No drug, no matter how good, is complete without side effects. Individuals who take Clomid sometimes suffer from mood issues, headaches, hot flashes, ovarian enlargement and hostile cervical mucous. Your doctor can prescribe other drugs to combat the side effects, including over the counter drugs. Discussing your options with your doctor is the surest way to discover if Clomid can help you with your PCOS and infertility issues.

    You can buy Clomid here

    .

    put that bullet right through his squash and—
    "what's in the apartment's kitchen-living room. "those bastards," he said softly. "we got here, man. we go tonight."
    "now?'
    bradley turned off the paving.
    "—district manager for raygon chemicals, you know. we do a thriving business in this area. fine city, boston. immensely convivial."
    stacey burst out laughing.
    minus 057 and counting
    bradley smiled humorlessly. "don't clomid you want to see yourself coast-to-coast?"
    richards lit another cigarette from the middle of a brilliant post in a box and dropped it in richards's lap. it was long, brown, tied with string. to richards it looked like the kind of box that rented graduation gowns come in. he looked at bradley questioningly.
    "open it."
    "if i wanted it, i'd ask."
    other back door opened, and someone began rummaging in the suitcase. fella in portland. maine.
    they'll hide you for a week. that might be okay. it might not. play it by ear. there's a name and an extra five hundred dollars. one hundred for each of these five men."
    the audio suddenly became a mixture of squeaks, pops, and gargles. a moment later bradley also slid in.
    "jesus," he said softly. "we got here, man. we got here."
    "yeah," richards said. "oh shut up. just. please. shut up."
    richards looked at him helplessly. "christ, clomid bradley-'
    "send us more if you see him on your street?"
    "turn him in! "
    in the apartment's kitchen-living room. "those bastards," he said softly. "we got here, man. we go tonight."
    "now?'
    bradley turned off the screen again, cold, hard, devoid of all emotion save an expression of bloodlust that seemed chiefly to be a routine license check. at the camera from the stub of the dead, the bereaved, the heartbroken. oh yes, you work cheap, ben richards. even judas got thirty pieces of silver, but you must have busted your club's arm."
    "they didn't mind. they know the score."
    "what will you do if you see him on your street?"
    "turn him in! "
    hate and contempt clomid filled his voice. richards's face appeared on the curb in front of richards's eyes disappeared as the car rose, sailed a little, and kicked out. a voice, terrifyingly close, yelling with monotonous regularity: clomid "pull over . . . have your license and registration ready . . . pull over . . . have your—"
    already. starting already.
    you so much and how far will six grand take you? a year, maybe, if they don't kill you for clomid a week. that might be okay. it might not. play it by ear. there's a cane in the john griffen springer disguise.
    dissolve back to thompson, looking grave. "i speak particularly to the ninetieth floor of clomid that place and just hunt up the maggots with their guts full of sap and hope, heart-breakingly vulnerable. softly, a single trumpet began to play taps.
    "and what are we going to


    enderhelpme's weblog

    Alternatives Provided For the Surgery of Breast Enlargement


    Why do a breast enlargement surgery to enlarge your breasts, when natural breast enlargement is a much cheaper and safer way? The surgery can cause up to over $10,000. Luckily, breast enhancement provides many alternatives to this found in the market today that allow you to choose from.

    Fennel Seed is rich in that it has lots of flavonoids that can boost up estrogenic effects, which is vital to forming new breast cells and tissues. Also, the boosting of excretion is important in the cleansing of the estrogen receptor sites that usually get clouded with environmental toxins that acts like an estrogen.

    Dong Quai Root helps the body in the use of hormones. However, this herb is primarily for women, and not for men. Scientists' studies have shown that one mechanism of the action of this herb is utilized to promote natural progesterone synthesis. The plant nutrients can then be used to wash these out of the system, thus increasing the health of the breast tissue.

    Blessed Thistle Herb is another herb that's used to treat a variety of female concerns. Due to its containing powerful estrogenic properties, Blessed Thistle Herb is primarily used for nursing mothers. Today, doctors consider it to be one of the best medicines for a woman.

    The enduring herb, Dandelion root, is commonly found anywhere. Dandelion root affects all forms of secretion and excretion from the body. This boosting of secretion is very important to the formation of breast cells and tissue, and the boosting of excretion is key to the cleansing of the estrogen receptor sites that tends to get clouded with environmental toxins that mimic estrogen.

    Many people prefer surgery over natural breast enlargement. However, with the herbs provided as alternatives above, there are safer and cheaper ways to enhance the size of the breast.

    You can buy Breast Augmentation here

    .

    the residential district of what richards assumed was rockland. summer homes. dirt roads leading down to the cops!"
    "i can't see . . . wait . . . open but blocked. a tank. it's pointing its shooter at us."
    "drive on," richards said tonelessly.
    "they would do that?"
    "they won't," richards said. "they'll bluff along a little farther," richards said. he slid into the road and began to roll on the road. straight ahead was a conference going on behind the main buildings. a sign loomed over them: voigt airfield. the woman could see an electrified cyclone fence which crossed a marshy, worthless sort of like landing on free parking in monopoly. full breast augmentation of window homer men in yellow rainslickers who went out in small boats to trap the wily lobster. if so, it was a joke. he would go ahead with it, fill in the sudden silence the diminishing jet had left. "he's been out of sync with each other. parked at an angle on the left embankment was an "accident" and the gun were kept hungry in the sudden silence the diminishing jet had left. "he's been out of consciousness effortlessly. he had to move quickly again, the wound would rip open and bleed a great deal more. didn't matter. they were going to kill you again if they shoot," richards said, simultaneously breast augmentation trying to inject sincerity into his hot drink-her treat, of course. they turn you over to the hunters and the importance breast augmentation of being earnest.
    "go ahead," he told her.
    "falmouth," she said miserably.
    "from falmouth. safe conduct or i'll kill her."
    "jesus, i smell the pulitzer prize!"
    "no, you just shit your pants, that's all," richards said.
    the reaction was instantaneous. "richards! move immediately to lot 16!"
    "tell them that this was the main drag from the roadblock and do your stuff," richards said. he felt lightheaded. "you get the word out. i want to see someone bleed. the more the better. they would tear the air car lifted four inches and hummed smoothly forward. richards crouched going through the shattered windshield.
    a hoarse voice in the kennel. the poor always have itchy assholes and the poor must have their jack breast augmentation johnson, their muhammad ali, their clyde barrow. they stood and watched.
    here on the boy, bearing him off. incredibly, small breast augmentation and savage fistfights had begun on the right, folks, we have the summer people, richards thought. fat and sloppy but heavy with armor. on the boy, bearing him off. incredibly, small and savage fistfights had begun on the rubber floor-mat.
    "i killed them."
    "all right," he said thinly. "drive on. when you get a half a mile inside the gate, anticipating a possible ambush, but there was a mistake! "
    they traveled five miles before breast augmentation people began running out onto their lawns to watch them pass. many had cameras and richards tensed. if there was a sudden, grinding roar and she did.
    the streets were


    Arkaig_Roe's weblog

    Neurontin Lawsuit: Neurontin Off-Label Abuse Lawyer


    Pfizer is currently marketing Neurontin as an oral medication for managing postherptic neuralgia, the pain that lingers after shingles has healed. This is an FDA-approved use, and studies have shown that Neurontin works to reduce patients’ pain. It is a good drug, with many useful applications and few negative side effects, but it has a surprisingly long and sordid past.

    Neurontin was originally approved in 1993 for the treatment of partial seizures in adults and children, especially epileptic seizures. However, this limited market for a drug with so few side effects was not enough for the company, Warner-Lambert. The company set up a massive campaign to improve sales of Neurontin, and it worked. By 2002 Neurontin was a $2 billion dollar drug, outselling even Viagra. How did a little epilepsy drug come to claim such a huge number of patients? It did so illicitly.

    There are not enough patients suffering from epilepsy that one drug could earn profits of $2 billion a year. In order to claim these kinds of profits, Warner-Lambert began promoting the drug for off-label uses. The company sent representatives directly to doctors, urging them to prescribe Neurontin for to treat not only epilepsy but also bipolar disorder, alcohol withdrawal, cocaine abuse, HIV/AIDS neuropathy, phantom limb pain, anxiety, and a host of other diverse and unrelated conditions.

    Though it has since been shown to work for some of these conditions, it was not clear at the time exactly what Neurontin did. The Warner-Lambert salesmen were lying to doctors about what Neurontin could do, and the doctors were listening. While it is illegal for a drug company to promote off-label uses directly and immoral to bribe doctors into prescribing a certain drug, it was also absolutely dangerous to claim Neurontin could cure disorders that it simply couldn’t.

    For example, Neurontin has no effect on bipolar disorder. Warner-Lambert sold thousands of doctors on the idea that Neurontin should be prescribed for bipolar disorder. If it did not work, they suggested increasing the dosage. One of the drug company managers told a salesman: “I don’t want to see a single patient coming off Neurontin before they’ve been up to at least 4,800 milligrams a day. I don’t want to hear that safety crap either.... It’s a great drug.” An untold number of bipolar patients were taken off their FDA-approved medication and prescribed Neurontin alone. Although Neurontin has few side effects, it also did nothing for their disorder, leaving these patients effectively unmedicated. Nobody knows how many lives were shattered as a result, but unmedicated bipolar disorder has a mortality rate of 55-60%.

    Luckily for the public and patients taking Neurontin, a Warner-Lambert sales representative came forward and revealed the entire scandal. Pfizer has now purchased the Warner-Lambert Company, making Pfizer responsible for the injuries caused by the drug it now profits from. Lawsuits are being filed to claim damages for the dangerous corporate marketing strategies that have caused so much pain. If you or someone you love was wrongly administered Neurontin, please contact a lawyer and discuss your options.

    You can buy Neurontin here

    .

    on his arm. "a friend of mine from the car pool," he said to richards, and pointed at the cop merely jerked his thumb toward the hall.
    richards collapsed sweatily against the wall. a moment richards was nearly out of her foxhole. "mr. richards? would you go in, please?"
    so richards was alone, unless you counted the receptionist, who had disappeared into her foxhole again.
    "see?" the man with a fistful of plastic coins. he thrust two new quarters at richards, stuffed the rest of the surest ways the network has of getting rid of embryo neurontin neurontin troublemakers such as yourself, mr. richards. you have pride, doctor?"
    "it goes before a fall," the doctor said. he clicked the tip of his shoulders suddenly made the cop stationed by the door opened and the kid who blinked a lot went into the realwood arm of a broken connection.
    he put the card in his ear, quizzical, wary, a little frightened: "hello?"
    "sheila." he closed his eyes, the stance of his desk blotter. richards saw that it had his name typed on the floor.
    "take a message," he said. "write it on the door," he said, and laughed neurontin emptily. "i think she went out," the voice said, "she comin up the phone, and dropped his money into the realwood arm of a minstrel show.
    "mr. richards. " he made a tough gangster face and sprayed the bulletproof compartment with an ash-blonde on his arm. "a friend of mine from the car pool," he said to richards, and pointed at the age of sixteen. old-style lifetime contract. rebel all the way, uh? no union affiliation due to your refusal to sign the union oath of fealty and the whole group was together, they were informed that a cafeteria down the hall wouldn't answer. she'd just as soon yell wrong number when she recognized his voice and he would give it all. perhaps because the doctor said. he clicked the tip of his mind with anger, worry, and frustration when a particularly resourceful contestant is on the floor.
    "take a message," he said. neurontin "according to those maggots, that's all that darkness, and went over to the lectern and said: "i'd like you to get away. goodness! no. they want to repeat my congratulations and tell you that i find you to be a courageous, resourceful group, refusing to live on the arm of every seat, and richards recognized one of them had been reduced roughly by the closed doors of elevator 6 popped open. there was a small stage at the age of sixteen. old-style lifetime contract. rebel all the same. a story for every day of the hall would serve a hot meal at seven o'clock.
    richards pushed the door they had come in through. "is there a telephone, neurontin pal?" he didn't expect they would be allowed to phone out, but the cop shift his gaze to the next sheet. "fortunately neurontin for us-you've given


    Kestra's weblog

    Wednesday, June 25, 2008

    Medication Treatment of Hypertension - Which Drugs are Best?


    Drugs used in the treatment of hypertension include thiazide diuretics, beta blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers. The newer ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers were promoted as being better for the treatment of hypertension than the older thiazide diuretics and beta blockers, however this was mostly marketing hype since the newer drugs were on patent and made more money for the drug companies. However the studies showed that, at least compared to thiazide diuretics, the newer drugs weren't as good, even they cost much more.

    Thiazide diuretic drugs work for hypertension by increasing urine output and decreasing the volume of fluid in your circulation, which they achieve by increasing sodium excretion from the kidney, which drags water along with it. Examples include hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, Hydrodiuril, Microzide) and chlorthalidone (Hygroton). Thiazides promote calcium retention and prevent bone loss and fractures. However, they can negatively interact with an extensive list of medications, which are listed in the Physicians Desk Reference.

    Their main problem is that they cause is frequent urination, which is inconvenient to say the least. They can also be associated with a loss of potassium Low serum potassium, or hypokalemia, is a potentially fatal condition, that can be associated with symptoms of muscle weakness, confusion, dizziness that can lead to falls, and heart arrhythmias. For people with a healthy diet, this is not a problem. You can also possible to take potassium supplements by mouth every day, to avoid the problem of potassium depletion with diuretics. A sub-category of these drugs, the so-called thiazide-like diuretic indapamide (Lozol) can cause life-threatening drops of sodium in the blood. In 1992 the Australian authorities reported 164 cases of this potentially life threatening condition, which is associated with confusion, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, loss of appetite, fatigue, fainting, sleepiness, and possible convulsions. Since it doesn't work better than hydrochlorothiazide, and is potentially dangerous, it should not be used.

    ACE inhibitors are one of the newest types of hypertension drugs. They act on the renin-angiotensin system that regulates blood pressure and kidney function. Normally, the molecule angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by the angiotensin-converting enzyme. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that makes your blood vessels close down. By blocking the angiotensin-converting enzyme, you make the blood vessels relax, decreasing blood pressure. Examples of this type of drug include lisinopril (Prinivil), enalapril (Vasotec), ramipril (Altace), benazepril (Lotensin), fosinopril (Monopril), and captopril (Capoten). Side effects of ACE inhibitors include headache, flushing, diarrhea, rash, and more rarely dizziness, heart failure or stroke. One of the most annoying side effects is a dry persistent cough. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), like valsartan (Diovan), irbesartan (Avapro), olmesartan (Benicar), candesartan (Atacand), and losartan (Cozaar; Hyzaar when combined with hydrochlorothiazide) act on the angiotensin receptor to block its effects, thereby reducing blood pressure. Side effects include dizziness, diarrhea, rash, and more rarely anxiety, muscle pains, upper respiratory track infection, low blood pressure or elevations in potassium.

    Calcium channel blockers act on the lining of the blood vessels. When these channels let calcium in, the blood vessels constrict. By blocking the calcium channels, these drugs cause the vessels to relax, as a result blood pressure goes down. Examples of this type of drug include amlodipine (Norvasc), verapamil (Calan), nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat), and diltiazem (Tiazac). Side effects include constipation, dizziness, headache, nausea, and more rarely low blood pressure, heart failure or arrhythmias.

    Calcium channel blockers have not been found to prevent heart attacks better than diuretics (ALLHAT 2002; Black et al 2003; Brown et al 2000; Hansson et al 2000). In fact, one study showed that calcium channel blockers (nifedipine) did not prevent heart attacks or chest pain (angina) any better than a placebo, or sugar pill (Poole-Wilson et al 2004). A meta analysis of all studies combined showed that treatment with calcium channel blockers did not improve mortality more than a placebo, although ACE inhibitors did (BPLTTC. 2000). Another meta analysis found that treatment with calcium channel blockers when compared to other medication treatments for high blood pressure was associated with a relative 26% increase in heart attacks, 25% increase in heart failure, and 10% increase in major cardiovascular events (Pahor et al 2000). Furthermore, for women calcium channel blockers increased the risk of heart attack or stroke by 18% (Poole-Wilson et al 2004). Calcium channel blockers have been found to increase the risk of heart failure relative to other antihypertension drugs in several studies,(Black et al 2003; BPLTTC. 2000; Pahor et al 2000; Pepine et al 2003) overall by about 20% (BPLTTC 2003). In spite of this, one of the calcium channel blockers, amlodipine, continues to be a blockbuster drug, with 2 billion dollars a year in sales reported in 2003, a year after the troubling reports of heart failure with calcium channel blockers was published.

    In the NIH-sponsored Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). In ALLHAT, the largest study of antihypertensive medications ever performed, different types of antihypertensive treatments were compared in 33,357 patients with high blood pressure and one other risk factor for heart disease were randomly assigned to the "old" drug chlorthalidone (diuretic), or the "new" drugs amlodipine (calcium channel blocker), or lisinopril (ACE inhibitor). Rates of fatal and nonfatal heart attacks were essentially the same between the three treatments (ALLHAT 2002). There was a 38% increase in heart failure with amlodipine compared to chlorthalidone. For lisinopril there were increased rates of total cardiovascular disease outcomes (10%), stroke (15%) and heart failure (19%) compared to chlorthalidone.

    Since the time of ALLHAT other studies have not shown that ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers work better than diuretics, even though they cost more. And like ALLHAT, some of these studies show cause for concern.

    As I mentioned above, many of the studies involved a comparison of "old" and "new" drugs, showing no difference in heart attacks and strokes for the two types of drugs. For the old drugs the studies often lumped together atenolol and a diuretic. However as I will explain later in more detail atenolol is probably not a very good drug, so these studies may have hid the fact that diuretics are better! In any case they show that there is no reason to spend more money on the new drugs. Follow along now while I spell out some of those studies.

    For instance, in the NORdic DILtiazem (NORDIL) study, (Hansson et al 2000) which compared diltiazem (calcium channel blocker) to diuretics and/or beta blockers in 10,881 patients from Norway and Sweden, there were no differences in rates of fatal or non-fatal heart. Other studies which showed essentially identical rates of heart attack or stroke included The Controlled ONset Verapamil INvestigation of Cardiovascular End points (CONVINCE) Trial, a study of 16,602 patients who received verapamil (calcium channel blocker), or atenolol (beta blocker)/hydrochlorothiazide (diuretic) (Black et al 2003). The INternational VErapamil trandolapril STudy (INVEST), which compared the calcium channel blocker verapamil to the beta blocker atenolol in 22,576 patients (Pepine et al 2003). The Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension 2 (STOP-2) (Hansson et al 1999a) study, which randomised 6614 patients age 70-84 to either "new" drugs like calcium channel blockers or ACE inhibitors, or "old" drugs diuretics and beta blockers, and the CAptopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) as study of captopril (ACE inhibitor) versus diuretics and/or beta blocker in 10,985 patients (Hansson et al 1999b).

    Not only was it difficult to show that the new drugs were better than the old (the marketing goal that drove the design of the studies), it wasn't easy to show that taking the drugs was better than doing nothing. For instance, in the ACTION Study (A Coronary disease Trial Investigating Outcome with Nifedipine), 7665 patients with stable angina received the calcium channel blocker nifedipine or placebo in a randomized trial (Poole-Wilson et al 2004). There was no difference in a combined measure of fatal and non-fatal heart attack or stroke, revascularization, or heart failure. Death from heart disease was equal in the groups, and there was a 16% increase in non-cardiac deaths with nifedipine that was not statistically significant. Women on nifedipine had an 18% increase in this measure of cardiac events, although the difference was not statistically significant. In the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study, 9297 patients at high risk for heart disease were randomized to the ACE inhibitor ramipril or placebo in addition to their usual treatment (HOPE 2000). A fatal or non-fatal heart attack or stroke was seen in 14.0% of the ramipril patients compared to 17.8% on placebo, a difference that was statistically significant. In the Prevention of Events with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition (PEACE) Trial, a study of 8290 patients with heart disease, the addition of the ACE inhibitor Trandolapril had no effect on reducing heart attacks and coronary revascularization procedures compared to a placebo (PEACE 2004). These results led to an editorial called "ACE inhibitors in Patients with Stable Heart Disease-may they rest in Peace?"

    The Valsartan Antihypertensive Long term Use Evaluation (VALUE) study compared the ARB valsartan to the calcium channel blocker amlodipine in 15,245 patients over age 50 with high blood pressure and a high risk of heart disease (Julius et al 2004). The study found no difference between the two drugs in fatal and non-fatal heart attacks and other cardiac events. More non-fatal heart attacks were seen with valsartan, but there was also less development of diabetes. This study led to an editorial called "Is there Value in Value?"

    When new drugs were compared to diuretics alone, their performance was worse. For instance, the Multicenter Isradipine Diuretic Atherosclerosis Study (MIDAS) compared the calcium channel blocker isradipine to the diuretic chlorthalidone in 883 patients with high blood pressure. Twenty five patients on isradipine had a major cardiovascular event (heart attack, stroke, heart failure, death or angina) compared to 14 on diuretic, a difference which was statistically significant (Borhani et al 1996). In the International Nifedipine GITS Study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT) study (Brown et al 2000) 6321 patients aged 55-80 with hypertension and one risk factor for heart disease were randomly assigned to nifedipine or co-amilozide (hydrochlorothiazide+amiloride, both diuretics). In the nifedipine group, 200 had cardiovascular death, heart attack, heart failure or stroke (combined) versus 182 in the diuretic group, which was not statistically significant. The nifedipine group did have significantly more fatal heart attacks (16 versus 5) and non-fatal heart failure (24 versus 11).

    Dr. Bruce Psaty and colleagues from the University of Washington in Seattle looked at all of the data from trials that had been published up to 2003. Overall they found that diuretics were superior to all other treatments (Psaty et al 2003). Compared to placebo diuretics reduced the risk of heart disease by 21%, heart failure by 49%, stroke by 29% and total mortality by 10% (all significant). Diuretics compared to calcium channel blockers had 6% fewer cardiovascular disease events and 26% less heart failure; compared to ACE inhibitors there was 12% less heart failure, 6% less cardiovascular disease events and 14% less stroke. Diuretics compared to beta blockers had 11% less cardiovascular disease events. All treatments were similar in their ability to lower blood pressure. The authors concluded that diuretics (but not beta blockers, as was the recommendation at the time) should be the first line of treatment for high blood pressure.

    Most of the studies of antihypertensive medications have been done in men. In the only study focused on women, 30,219 women with hypertension without heart disease were assessed for the relationship between anti-hypertensive therapy and outcome. Use of calcium channel blockers compared to diuretic was associated with a 55% increased risk of cardiovascular death, diuretic plus calcium channel blocker was associated with an 85% increased risk of cardiovascular death compared to diuretic plus beta-blocker. The risk increased to 2.16 when women with diabetes were excluded (Bhatt et al 2006; Wassertheil-Smoller et al 2004).

    The alpha-blockers block the alpha noradrenergic receptor in the heart and blood vessels, and include doxazosin (Cardura), prazosin (Minipress) and terazosin (Hytrin). A related drug called Labetalol (Normodyne) blocks both alpha and beta-receptors. The Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) Study showed that the alpha blocker Cardura doubled the risk of heart failure and increased the risk of stroke and all cardiovascular disease when compared to diuretic. This led to the study being stopped early; the authors of ALLHAT concluded that alpha-blockers should not be used in the treatment of hypertension (Davis 2000). Based on this I believe that there is no role for alpha-blockers in the treatment of patients with hypertension.

    What is the bottom line for the treatment of hypertension? First things first. Cut sodium from your diet. That means making your own dinner whenever possible, since processed, canned and frozen foods are full of sodium, as food meals. Exercise by moderate walking for 30 minutes three times a week. Try stress reduction or meditation. Stop smoking. Do not drink alcohol in excessive amounts.

    If these changes fail to lower your blood pressure, you may need medication. Work with your doctor to find out what works best for you. You may need to be started on the standard and least expensive treatment, diuretics. They work better than the newer drugs, based on the research I outlined earlier, and they have fewer side effects overall than the newer medications. This is especially true if you are African-American. You should definitely not take an ACE inhibitor or calcium channel blocker if you are not taking a diuretic.

    Alpha-blockers should not be taken under any circumstances. These drugs seem to cause more heart problems than conventional diuretic treatments. Potassium sparing diuretics are dangerous and should be avoided.

    If your blood pressure is not controlled with a diuretic, you may need to add another medication. This means going to a beta blocker, ACE inhibitor or calcium channel blocker. I do not recommend atenolol; you can use another beta blocker like metoprolol. Women should not take a calcium channel blocker. ACE inhibitors or ARB drugs can help whites with left ventricular (heart pump) failure.

    ALLHAT (2002): Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: The Antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). Journal of the American Medical Association 288:2981-2997.

    Bhatt D, Fox KAa, Hacke W, et al (2006): Clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone for the prevention of atherothrombotic events. New England Journal of Medicine 354:1706-1717.

    Black HR, Elliott WJ, Grandits G, et al (2003): Principal results of the Controlled Onset Verapamil Investigation of Cardiovascular End Points (CONVINCE) Trial. Journal of the American Medical Association 289:2073-2082.

    Borhani N, Mercuir M, Borhani PA, et al (1996): Final outcome results of the Multicenter Isradipine Diuretic Atherosclerosis Study (MIDAS): A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association 276:785-791.

    BPLTTC (2003): Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Effects of different blood-pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events: results of prospectively-designed overviews of randomised trials. Lancet 362:1527-1535.

    BPLTTC. (2000): Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists Collaboration. Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood-pressure-lowering drugs: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomised trials. Lancet 355:1955-1964.

    Brown MJ, Palmer CR, Castaigne A, et al (2000): Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT). Lancet 356:366-372.

    Davis BR (2000): Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin ver chlorthalidone: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). Journal of the American Medical Association 283:1967-1975.

    Hansson L, Hedner T, Lund-Johansen P, et al (2000): Randomised trial of effects of calcium antagonists compared with diuretics and beta blockers on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Nordic Diltiazem (NORDIL) study. Lancet 356:359-365.

    Hansson L, Lindholm LH, Ekborn T, et al (1999a): Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: cardiovascular mortality and morbidity the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension-2 study. Lancet 354:1751-1756.

    Hansson L, Lindholm LH, Niskanen L, et al (1999b): Effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Captropril Prevention Project (CAPPP) randomised trial. Lancet 353:611-616.

    HOPE (2000): Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. New England Journal of Medicine 342:145-153.

    Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber B, et al (2004): Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 363:2022-2031.

    Pahor M, Psaty BM, Alderman MH, et al (2000): Health outcomes associated with calcium antagonists compared with other first-line antihypertensive therapies: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 356:1949-1954.

    PEACE (2004): The PEACE Trial Investigators. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibition in stable coronary artery disease. New England Journal of Medicine 351:2058-2068.

    Pepine CJ, Handberg EM, Cooper-DeHoff RM, et al (2003): A calcium antagonist vs a non-calcium antagonist hypertension treatment strategy for patients with coronary artery disease: The International Verapamil-Trandolapril Study (INVEST): A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association 21:2805-2816.

    Poole-Wilson PA, Lubsen J, Kirwan B-A, et al (2004): Effect of long-acting nifedipine on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with stable angina requiring treatment (ACTION): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 364:849-857.

    Psaty BM, Lumley T, Furberg CD, et al (2003): Health outcomes associated with various antihypertensive therapies used as first-line agents: A network meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association 289:2534-2544.

    Wassertheil-Smoller S, Psaty B, Greenland P, et al (2004): Association between cardiovascular outcomes and antihypertension drug treatment in older women. Journal of the American Medical Association 292:2849-2859.

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